Use of Tone to Create Mood in D.H. Lawrences The Rocking-Horse Winner

D. H. Lawrence uses tone to create a mood in his short story "The Rocking-Horse Winner." His ability to create tone allows us to understand the characters of the story, and enables us to actually feel as if we are in the story by creating such a vivid mood. Lawrence uses the eyes of the main character, Paul, to show how he feels about the events taking place, and this in turn helps the reader empathize with the boy and understand the story. Lawrence also establishes a theme by allowing the audience to feel his story. He creates a mood that is conducive to the story and allows the reader to experience what is going on inside the house. Through the use of tone and mood Lawrence creates the theme, allowing the reader to realize that there are much more important things in life than money. Lawrence uses the emotions of the main character of the story, Paul, to help the reader understand the child's mood. He uses Paul's eyes to help give the reader a feel for his disposition when different events in the story take place. The story begins with Paul receiving a rocking-horse for Christmas. The child becomes interested in horse races, and the gardener helps him to place a bet on one of the races. The child wins the bet and becomes very focused on betting at every race. When Paul realizes how much money that he is making with these bets, he soon becomes obsessed with not just horse racing, but the money that he brings in. The reason for this obsession stems from the feeling that there is never enough money in the house. Paul soon turns ill from the stress that he places on himself to win more money for his mother. A few days before Derby, a very important race that Paul has bet on, he is found rocking violen... ...ster, you're eighty thousand to the good, and a poor devil of a son to the bad. But, poor devil, poor devil, he's best gone out of a life where he rides his rocking-horse to find a winner" (Lawrence, 980). In this final sentence Lawrence conveys the idea that the mother has gained much money, but has lost her son. Within this sentence he also states that the son is better off dead than in this household where money is of greater importance than the ideals a family should display. Works Cited Juan, Jr., E. San. "Theme Versus Imitation: D.H. Lawrence's "The Rocking-Horse Winner"." The D.H. Lawrence Review. 136-140. Lawrence, D. H. "The Rocking-Horse Winner." The Tales of D.H. Lawrence. London: Martin Secker, 1934. 967-980. Martin, W.R. "Fancy or Imagination? "The Rocking Horse-Winner"." College English. 64-65.

Sources of Demo Data

The issue of population and development has increasingly evolved into the ‘population, environment, and development nexus. In the face of this mandate for research on population and environment dynamics, different theoretical frameworks are brought on board. Ester Boserup was one of the scholars who have contributed to these theoretical frameworks hence this essay will attempt to expound Ester her theory of population growth and demonstrate how applicable the theory is to Africa. Later on, the weaknesses of the theory will be brought in with reference to the African context.Lastly a conclusion will summarize the whole essay. A theory is defined as a set of facts, propositions, or principles analyzed in their relation to one another to explain phenomena. (Chambers dictionary, 2005) Population growth is defined as the total number of people who inhabit an area, region, or country, or the number of people in a particular group who inhabit an area. Ester Boserup (May 18, 910 â€⠀œ September 24, 1999) was a Danish economist, writer. She studied economical and agricultural development, worked at the United Nations as well as other international organizations, and she wrote several books.Her most notable book is The Conditions of Agricultural Growth: The Economics of Agrarian Change under Population Pressure. (Aldine, 1965) This book presents a â€Å"dynamic analysis embracing all types of primitive agriculture. The work undoes the assumption dating back to Malthus’s time (and still held in many quarters) that agricultural methods determine population (via food supply). Instead, Boserup argued that population determines agricultural methods. A major point of her book is that â€Å"necessity is the mother of invention†.It was her great belief that humanity would always find a way and was quoted in saying â€Å"The power of ingenuity would always outmatch that of demand† in a letter to Northern Irish philosopher T S Hueston. She also influ enced debate on the role of women in workforce and human development, and the possibility of better opportunities of work and education for women. (Jain, 2005) According to Malthusian theory, the size and growth of the population depends on the food supply and agricultural methods. In Boserup’s theory agricultural methods depend on the size of the population.In the Malthusian view, in times when food is not sufficient for everyone, the excess population will die. However, Boserup argued that in those times of pressure, people will find ways to increase the production of food by increasing workforce, machinery, fertilizers, (Jain, 2005) Bosarupian theory focuses on the relationship between population, environment, and technology. Her concept of ‘population,’ encompasses population density as well as absolute size and growth. Her concept of environment refers mainly to land resources and related factors such as climate and soil quality.Since her focus is historical civilizations or developing countries, ‘technology’ for Boserup refers mainly to the tools and inputs used in agriculture, the primary productive activity in these societies. In arraying relationships between population, environment, and technology, Boserup proposes that it is generally agreed that successive change in technology has an important influence on the population size. The opposite side of the interrelationship, the influence of population size on technology, has attracted less attention (Boserup, 1981, p. ). In response, Boserup focus her attention on exploring the role of population as an independent variable that influences both the development of agricultural technology which, in turn, shape the productive capacity of resources. Boserup argues that in the short-term a period of sustained population growth would lower output per man hour. This occurs more intensive methods mean more hours of work on the part of the agriculture laborer. The ratio of output to labour cost, thus, deteriorates in the short run.In the long run, however, workers would become more efficient at the tasks required by the new intensive regime. More importantly, the growing population would stimulate more efficient production by allowing division of labor. Therefore, a growing population or increased population density leads ultimately to long run increase in output that outweigh short run declines (Boserup, 1965, p. 39-42). Boserup also states that for small populations with low density it is not worthwhile switching to more intensive regimes that require more labor inputs and that entail short-term productivity losses.She asserts that density must increase to a certain level before it is worthwhile accepting short term declines in labor output and the â€Å"hard toil of intensive agriculture† (Boserup, 1965, p. 51). Once higher densities occur, however, it becomes imperative for the population to undertake the increase labor investment of more intensi ve systems for the sake of the long term advantage of increased output. Boserup asserts that reliance on food imports to meet the gap between the growing populations food needs and production has undercut the ressure for domestic intensification of agriculture. By offering food aid and subsidized and concessionary food imports, the developed world has made it more attractive for many sub-Saharan African countries to import food rather than increase domestic production. She asserts that food imports also play a role in the continued lack of investment in rural areas. Dependence on food production lessens the need for investment in the domestic food production. This allows all resources to flow into the production of crops for export or urban industrial sector.This type of flow correspond with the major development models of export-led growth promoted by international organizations, such as world bank, in sub-Saharan Africa (Boserup, 1981, p. 202) The theory has been instrumental in u nderstanding agricultural patterns in developing countries, although it is highly simplified and generalized. The theory can be applied in Africa in the following ways; Boserup sees sub-Saharan Africa as historically a sparsely populated continent relative to other regions. As a result, subsistence agriculture and low-technology predominate in the region.Boserup states that â€Å"because past rates of population growth were much lower in Africa than in other parts of the world, extensive land-using subsistence systems, that is, long-fallow agriculture continue to be much more prevalent than elsewhere. In large parts of Africa, there is more land than the sparse population needs for growing crops† (Boserup, 1990, p. 258). Boserup’s theory can also be demonstrated in the Case study of Mauritius. Mauritius is an island country of 1860  km2 in area, located off the east coast of Africa.Farming and fishing are its main ventures, with agriculture accounting for 4. 6% of it s GDP. This is comprehensible since it has fertile soils and a tropical climate. Its exports are divided into four main categories: sugar (32%), garments (31%), plastics (32%) and others (5%). (Jain, 2005) Its population in 1992 was 1,094,000 people. For 2025, the estimated population is 1,365,000. This would mean a growth rate of 1. 45%, with a doubling time of 47 years. Its fertility rate was of 2. 17 children per woman. Jain, 2005) It is possible to notice how uneven population growth has been in Mauritius. At first it was a maintained at a more or less constant level, because there were almost equal values of birth and death rates. Around the 1950s, the birth rate increased significantly (from 35 per thousand to more than 45 per thousand). The death rate declined from 30 to 15 per thousand shortly afterwards. (Jain, 2005) The rate of natural increase was very great, and there was a great pressure on the country for resources because of this increasing population.It was then that the government had to intervene. It promoted family planning, restricted early marriage, provided improved health care and looked to improve the status of women. The government also worked on diversifying agriculture, invested in industry and improved trading links. With time, there were changes in general attitude toward family size and people were getting married later. As well, there was an improvement in educational and work opportunities for women (in 1975 employment of women was 22. 3%, by 1990 it had increased to 35. 5%). Many transnational companies came to Mauritius because of tax incentives, the Freeport at Port Luis, the large number of educated residents, a considerable amount of cheap labour and the good transport. This would assert to us Boserup’s theory that â€Å"necessity is the mother of invention. † Because the population had risen, the government had to take measures to adapt to this growth. It had to improve and diversify agriculture, so proving a gricultural intensification and that â€Å"population growth cause’s agricultural growth. (This idea is presented in The Conditions of Agricultural Growth: The Economics of Agrarian Change under Population Pressure; 1965. ) It also suggests that a country must improve its technology to be able to support the growing population, and that many technologies will not be taken advantage of if the population is not large enough. Mauritius had to build a Freeport and improve transportation to be able to maintain its population. (Jain, 2005) Chitemene system in Zambia is also one example of how Buserup’s theory is applicable to Africa.Chitemene system is a method of farming practiced in the Northern Province of Zambia in which fields are cleared by cutting down trees in order to make the soil fertile. This system was introduced as a result of population increase in Northern Province of Zambia. As population density increased, there was need for more food production, this led discovery of an agriculture system which could make land more fertile hence increasing food production for the growing population. Despite Boserup’s theory being considered as the optimum population theory it as some weaknesses in the African context.Some of these weaknesses are explained in this part of the text. Boserup did not put the law of diminishing returns into consideration when formulating her theory. Increasing labor at a fixed potion of land (increasing population density) would lead to an extent where each addition unit of labor would be adding less to output than what the previous unit added, this would reach a point where output starts decreasing. Most African countries have limited technology and hence increasing population density would lead to diminishing returns in agriculture. (Obadan. 004. P. 99) Another weakness in Boserup’s theory is lack of consideration of ecological factors that arise as a result of increase in population density which affect agriculture negatively. For example in Africa, Nigeria in particular, agriculture contributed more than 75 percent of export earnings before 1970. Since then, due to population growth, however, agriculture has stagnated, mostly due to ecological factors such as drought, disease, and reduction in soil fertility. By the mid-1990s, agriculture’s share of exports had declined to less than 5 percent.Once an exporter of food to nearby countries, Nigeria now must import food to meet domestic demand (keet, 1994: p. 55). It is clear that certain types of fragile environments cannot support excessive numbers of people in Africa for example the Barotse flood plains in Zambia. In such cases, population pressure may not lead to technological innovations as Boserup suggested. Boserup’s theory does not adequately account for lack of the impact of subsidization of agriculture production by developed countries on African.Subsidization of agricultural products by developed countries lea ds to African agriculture products fetching low prices at the international market which in turn discourages farming in Africa despite an increase in population density. Fontanel and Touatam (2004, p. 31) gave an example of trade in cotton. Without financial subsides from the government, the price of cotton production in the United States would be three times higher than the cotton production in most sub-Saharan Africa.Because of subsides to cotton producers in the United States and European union in 2001/2002, Africa had lost in that period US $920 million (Miroudot, 2004: 47). Boserup’s theory does not also account for the comflicts in some African states which hinder agricultural activities such as farming hence making them depend on foreign aid rather than domestically produced products. Ayttey (1998, p. 193) writes that in 1996, more than 20 million of Africans were refugees. These people, who have lost their homes, jobs, and possessions, should be the ones to go to scho ol, grow food, or work in factories and government and business administration.This has greatly contributed to the low food output levels in these countries. Boserup’s idea is based upon field studies in south east Asia and she developed her idea based on the number of assumptions, her ideas are not much applicable in Africa which the population is sparse since her field work was conducted in places with very high population densities like india. In conclusion, Boserup’s population theory may not alone fully explain the relationship between population growth, environment and technology but most importantly it has offered a complementary perspective to other theories.The theory has offered applicable solutions on the relationship between population growth and resources especially in Africa. BIBLIOGRAPHY Ayittey, G. 1998. Africa In Chaos, St. Martin’s press. New York Boserup, E. 1965. The Conditions of Agricultural Growth. Allen and Unwin, London. Boserup, E. 1981 . Population and Technological Change. Chicago press, Chicago. Boserup, E. 1990. Economic and Demographic Relationships in Development. The John Hopkins University press. London. Ehrlich, P. 1968. The Population Bomb: Ballantine. New York. Fontanel, J. and Touatam, A. 2004. The Rift. African Geopolitics. No. 13. Paris. OR. IMA INTERNATIONAL.Pp. 29-42. Keet, D. 1994. Systematic Destruction – IMF/World Bank Social Engineering in Africa. Track Two. The centre for intergroup studies. Vol. 2. No. 1. Pp. 10-11. Obadan, M. 2004. The External Debt Crisis: Strategies and policies. In African Development and Governance strategies in the 21st century. London . Zed Books. Pp. 140-164. Simon, J. 1981. The Ultimate Resource: Princeton university press. New Jersey. Aldine. (1965, 08 03). Women, Development and the UN. Retrieved 03 15, 2012, from wikipedia: http://www. wikipedia. com Jain, D. (2005, 03 16). ester buserup. Retrieved 03 15, 2012, from enotes. com: http://www. enotes. com Sources of Demo Data The issue of population and development has increasingly evolved into the ‘population, environment, and development nexus. In the face of this mandate for research on population and environment dynamics, different theoretical frameworks are brought on board. Ester Boserup was one of the scholars who have contributed to these theoretical frameworks hence this essay will attempt to expound Ester her theory of population growth and demonstrate how applicable the theory is to Africa. Later on, the weaknesses of the theory will be brought in with reference to the African context.Lastly a conclusion will summarize the whole essay. A theory is defined as a set of facts, propositions, or principles analyzed in their relation to one another to explain phenomena. (Chambers dictionary, 2005) Population growth is defined as the total number of people who inhabit an area, region, or country, or the number of people in a particular group who inhabit an area. Ester Boserup (May 18, 910 â€⠀œ September 24, 1999) was a Danish economist, writer. She studied economical and agricultural development, worked at the United Nations as well as other international organizations, and she wrote several books.Her most notable book is The Conditions of Agricultural Growth: The Economics of Agrarian Change under Population Pressure. (Aldine, 1965) This book presents a â€Å"dynamic analysis embracing all types of primitive agriculture. The work undoes the assumption dating back to Malthus’s time (and still held in many quarters) that agricultural methods determine population (via food supply). Instead, Boserup argued that population determines agricultural methods. A major point of her book is that â€Å"necessity is the mother of invention†.It was her great belief that humanity would always find a way and was quoted in saying â€Å"The power of ingenuity would always outmatch that of demand† in a letter to Northern Irish philosopher T S Hueston. She also influ enced debate on the role of women in workforce and human development, and the possibility of better opportunities of work and education for women. (Jain, 2005) According to Malthusian theory, the size and growth of the population depends on the food supply and agricultural methods. In Boserup’s theory agricultural methods depend on the size of the population.In the Malthusian view, in times when food is not sufficient for everyone, the excess population will die. However, Boserup argued that in those times of pressure, people will find ways to increase the production of food by increasing workforce, machinery, fertilizers, (Jain, 2005) Bosarupian theory focuses on the relationship between population, environment, and technology. Her concept of ‘population,’ encompasses population density as well as absolute size and growth. Her concept of environment refers mainly to land resources and related factors such as climate and soil quality.Since her focus is historical civilizations or developing countries, ‘technology’ for Boserup refers mainly to the tools and inputs used in agriculture, the primary productive activity in these societies. In arraying relationships between population, environment, and technology, Boserup proposes that it is generally agreed that successive change in technology has an important influence on the population size. The opposite side of the interrelationship, the influence of population size on technology, has attracted less attention (Boserup, 1981, p. ). In response, Boserup focus her attention on exploring the role of population as an independent variable that influences both the development of agricultural technology which, in turn, shape the productive capacity of resources. Boserup argues that in the short-term a period of sustained population growth would lower output per man hour. This occurs more intensive methods mean more hours of work on the part of the agriculture laborer. The ratio of output to labour cost, thus, deteriorates in the short run.In the long run, however, workers would become more efficient at the tasks required by the new intensive regime. More importantly, the growing population would stimulate more efficient production by allowing division of labor. Therefore, a growing population or increased population density leads ultimately to long run increase in output that outweigh short run declines (Boserup, 1965, p. 39-42). Boserup also states that for small populations with low density it is not worthwhile switching to more intensive regimes that require more labor inputs and that entail short-term productivity losses.She asserts that density must increase to a certain level before it is worthwhile accepting short term declines in labor output and the â€Å"hard toil of intensive agriculture† (Boserup, 1965, p. 51). Once higher densities occur, however, it becomes imperative for the population to undertake the increase labor investment of more intensi ve systems for the sake of the long term advantage of increased output. Boserup asserts that reliance on food imports to meet the gap between the growing populations food needs and production has undercut the ressure for domestic intensification of agriculture. By offering food aid and subsidized and concessionary food imports, the developed world has made it more attractive for many sub-Saharan African countries to import food rather than increase domestic production. She asserts that food imports also play a role in the continued lack of investment in rural areas. Dependence on food production lessens the need for investment in the domestic food production. This allows all resources to flow into the production of crops for export or urban industrial sector.This type of flow correspond with the major development models of export-led growth promoted by international organizations, such as world bank, in sub-Saharan Africa (Boserup, 1981, p. 202) The theory has been instrumental in u nderstanding agricultural patterns in developing countries, although it is highly simplified and generalized. The theory can be applied in Africa in the following ways; Boserup sees sub-Saharan Africa as historically a sparsely populated continent relative to other regions. As a result, subsistence agriculture and low-technology predominate in the region.Boserup states that â€Å"because past rates of population growth were much lower in Africa than in other parts of the world, extensive land-using subsistence systems, that is, long-fallow agriculture continue to be much more prevalent than elsewhere. In large parts of Africa, there is more land than the sparse population needs for growing crops† (Boserup, 1990, p. 258). Boserup’s theory can also be demonstrated in the Case study of Mauritius. Mauritius is an island country of 1860  km2 in area, located off the east coast of Africa.Farming and fishing are its main ventures, with agriculture accounting for 4. 6% of it s GDP. This is comprehensible since it has fertile soils and a tropical climate. Its exports are divided into four main categories: sugar (32%), garments (31%), plastics (32%) and others (5%). (Jain, 2005) Its population in 1992 was 1,094,000 people. For 2025, the estimated population is 1,365,000. This would mean a growth rate of 1. 45%, with a doubling time of 47 years. Its fertility rate was of 2. 17 children per woman. Jain, 2005) It is possible to notice how uneven population growth has been in Mauritius. At first it was a maintained at a more or less constant level, because there were almost equal values of birth and death rates. Around the 1950s, the birth rate increased significantly (from 35 per thousand to more than 45 per thousand). The death rate declined from 30 to 15 per thousand shortly afterwards. (Jain, 2005) The rate of natural increase was very great, and there was a great pressure on the country for resources because of this increasing population.It was then that the government had to intervene. It promoted family planning, restricted early marriage, provided improved health care and looked to improve the status of women. The government also worked on diversifying agriculture, invested in industry and improved trading links. With time, there were changes in general attitude toward family size and people were getting married later. As well, there was an improvement in educational and work opportunities for women (in 1975 employment of women was 22. 3%, by 1990 it had increased to 35. 5%). Many transnational companies came to Mauritius because of tax incentives, the Freeport at Port Luis, the large number of educated residents, a considerable amount of cheap labour and the good transport. This would assert to us Boserup’s theory that â€Å"necessity is the mother of invention. † Because the population had risen, the government had to take measures to adapt to this growth. It had to improve and diversify agriculture, so proving a gricultural intensification and that â€Å"population growth cause’s agricultural growth. (This idea is presented in The Conditions of Agricultural Growth: The Economics of Agrarian Change under Population Pressure; 1965. ) It also suggests that a country must improve its technology to be able to support the growing population, and that many technologies will not be taken advantage of if the population is not large enough. Mauritius had to build a Freeport and improve transportation to be able to maintain its population. (Jain, 2005) Chitemene system in Zambia is also one example of how Buserup’s theory is applicable to Africa.Chitemene system is a method of farming practiced in the Northern Province of Zambia in which fields are cleared by cutting down trees in order to make the soil fertile. This system was introduced as a result of population increase in Northern Province of Zambia. As population density increased, there was need for more food production, this led discovery of an agriculture system which could make land more fertile hence increasing food production for the growing population. Despite Boserup’s theory being considered as the optimum population theory it as some weaknesses in the African context.Some of these weaknesses are explained in this part of the text. Boserup did not put the law of diminishing returns into consideration when formulating her theory. Increasing labor at a fixed potion of land (increasing population density) would lead to an extent where each addition unit of labor would be adding less to output than what the previous unit added, this would reach a point where output starts decreasing. Most African countries have limited technology and hence increasing population density would lead to diminishing returns in agriculture. (Obadan. 004. P. 99) Another weakness in Boserup’s theory is lack of consideration of ecological factors that arise as a result of increase in population density which affect agriculture negatively. For example in Africa, Nigeria in particular, agriculture contributed more than 75 percent of export earnings before 1970. Since then, due to population growth, however, agriculture has stagnated, mostly due to ecological factors such as drought, disease, and reduction in soil fertility. By the mid-1990s, agriculture’s share of exports had declined to less than 5 percent.Once an exporter of food to nearby countries, Nigeria now must import food to meet domestic demand (keet, 1994: p. 55). It is clear that certain types of fragile environments cannot support excessive numbers of people in Africa for example the Barotse flood plains in Zambia. In such cases, population pressure may not lead to technological innovations as Boserup suggested. Boserup’s theory does not adequately account for lack of the impact of subsidization of agriculture production by developed countries on African.Subsidization of agricultural products by developed countries lea ds to African agriculture products fetching low prices at the international market which in turn discourages farming in Africa despite an increase in population density. Fontanel and Touatam (2004, p. 31) gave an example of trade in cotton. Without financial subsides from the government, the price of cotton production in the United States would be three times higher than the cotton production in most sub-Saharan Africa.Because of subsides to cotton producers in the United States and European union in 2001/2002, Africa had lost in that period US $920 million (Miroudot, 2004: 47). Boserup’s theory does not also account for the comflicts in some African states which hinder agricultural activities such as farming hence making them depend on foreign aid rather than domestically produced products. Ayttey (1998, p. 193) writes that in 1996, more than 20 million of Africans were refugees. These people, who have lost their homes, jobs, and possessions, should be the ones to go to scho ol, grow food, or work in factories and government and business administration.This has greatly contributed to the low food output levels in these countries. Boserup’s idea is based upon field studies in south east Asia and she developed her idea based on the number of assumptions, her ideas are not much applicable in Africa which the population is sparse since her field work was conducted in places with very high population densities like india. In conclusion, Boserup’s population theory may not alone fully explain the relationship between population growth, environment and technology but most importantly it has offered a complementary perspective to other theories.The theory has offered applicable solutions on the relationship between population growth and resources especially in Africa. BIBLIOGRAPHY Ayittey, G. 1998. Africa In Chaos, St. Martin’s press. New York Boserup, E. 1965. The Conditions of Agricultural Growth. Allen and Unwin, London. Boserup, E. 1981 . Population and Technological Change. Chicago press, Chicago. Boserup, E. 1990. Economic and Demographic Relationships in Development. The John Hopkins University press. London. Ehrlich, P. 1968. The Population Bomb: Ballantine. New York. Fontanel, J. and Touatam, A. 2004. The Rift. African Geopolitics. No. 13. Paris. OR. IMA INTERNATIONAL.Pp. 29-42. Keet, D. 1994. Systematic Destruction – IMF/World Bank Social Engineering in Africa. Track Two. The centre for intergroup studies. Vol. 2. No. 1. Pp. 10-11. Obadan, M. 2004. The External Debt Crisis: Strategies and policies. In African Development and Governance strategies in the 21st century. London . Zed Books. Pp. 140-164. Simon, J. 1981. The Ultimate Resource: Princeton university press. New Jersey. Aldine. (1965, 08 03). Women, Development and the UN. Retrieved 03 15, 2012, from wikipedia: http://www. wikipedia. com Jain, D. (2005, 03 16). ester buserup. Retrieved 03 15, 2012, from enotes. com: http://www. enotes. com

The Issue Of Divorce Over The Years - 903 Words

Definitional Argument Essay According to the CDC and the Census Bureau, a lot more of marriages have been ending in divorce over the years. Why have the rates for divorce changed so much throughout the years? Over the years, everything from hairstyles to phones has changed, including marriage. Marriage is the legally recognized union of a man and a woman as partners in a personal relationship and should be one of the biggest decisions in someone’s life. Although nowadays, it seems as if people take it a lot less seriously as they took it twenty to thirty years ago. Of course some people do not think that the idea of marriage has changed at all. That is, until they look at all of the statistics on how long marriages last now†¦show more content†¦When did society stop looking down on divorce? When did it become okay to change your mind on your love for your significant other just because things started to get a bit difficult? Society used to be completely against the thought of divorc e, but lately not so much. Now, society would rather two people get a quick and easy divorce instead of trying to work it out or go to couples therapy just because it is easier. Outside sources. Things such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, etc. have caused quite a stir in a lot of marriages as well. Social media has made not staying faithful very simple. All it takes is the click of a button to do something and a click of a button to erase it. It is hard to trust your significant other now because of all of the temptations there are online. In the 1800’s and early 1900’s, the internet had not been created yet so there were a lot less options and it was a lot easier to get caught. Another reason that rates of divorce have gone up so much is because of divorce attorneys. Now a days, divorce attorneys are making it seem as if separation is the only option for couples that are unhappy in their marriages. They have started to come up with catchy slogans and commercials and little things to keep the thought of divorce in the back of someone’s mind as a plan B. Have vows somehow started not to mean as much orShow MoreRelatedThe Divorce Of Chicago Divorce1252 Words   |  6 PagesKeywords: Divorce mediator in Chicago, family mediator in Chicago, pre-decree divorce in Chicago, post-decree divorce mediation in Chicago Hiring a Divorce Mediator: A Cheaper Alternative to Chicago Divorce Court Resolving a case through the Chicago family court system is not only stressful, but also financially burdensome for the parties involved. In especially contested divorce cases, it is not unusual for attorneys’ fees and court costs to exceed $10,000. 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This problem that is occurring with childrenRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Their Behaviors1410 Words   |  6 Pagesget a divorce. Even the word family itself has changed so drastically, it’s no wonder divorce is so high. What many people don’t realize is that divorce can possibly have a serious effect on children and their behaviors. Many stud ies have been conducted and have shown a variety of long term, as well as short term effects that children have developed after they’ve experienced going through divorce, one effect divorce could have on children is the risk of the child developing behavioral issues. Read MoreThe Effects of Divorce on the Heart and Mind of Children 844 Words   |  3 Pagesand saw his father every Saturday. Four years later, his mother remarried, and Bill added a stepfather to his family. At eighteen, Bill left home to attend college, and after graduation he and his girlfriend moved in together. A year and a half later, they married, and soon afterward they had a child. After several years, however, the marriage began to turn sour. Bill and his wife eventually separated, with Bill’s wife retaining custody of the child. Three years later Bill married a woman who had aRead MoreWhy Divorce Is Not Be So Permanent? Divorce1590 Words   |  7 Pagespermanent? Divorce use to seem to be the absolute worst thing in the world but now unfortunately has taken the title of a â€Å"new norm.† According to the authors of Should I Keep Trying to Work It Out?: A Guidebook for Individuals and Couples at the Crossroads for Divorce (and Before), â€Å"In the United States, researchers estimate that 40%–50% of all first marriages, and 60% of second marriages, will end in divorce† (Hawkins). Every day in the media we hear new scandalous stories about divorce in Hollywood

`` Handbook Of Christian Apologetics `` Essay - 890 Words

Christian teachings have been challenged by unbelievers since the beginning of history. Today, because the new discoveries of science, the existence of God has been doubted even more, and as a consequence, society has become more selfish, self-centered and self-existent. Questions such as, Does God actually exist? Is there any evidence of his existence? Is it Christianity the only true religion? have been asked by believers and unbelievers through the past centuries. Two philosophers from Boston College, Peter Kreeft, and Ronald K. Tacelli, in their book â€Å"Handbook of Christian Apologetics† answer the most common questions about faith and reason, God’s existence, Christ and other Christian doctrines. In Chapter 1, Kreeft and Tacelli talk about the importance and need for Apologetics. It importance comes, first, because with Apologetics we are able to give reasons for faith as an act of obedience to God. And secondly, because Apologetics is necessary to convince unbelievers and build up believers. Furthermore, apologetics is extremely needed today because we are living in a civil, cultural, intellectual crisis, and especially a spiritual one. Thus, we need truth and trough Apologetics, with faith and reason, we can find it. In Chapter 2, faith and reason are described as allies. They are interrelated. As faith is a subpart of reason, reason is a subclass of faith. Both of them are necessary for Apologetics, without faith and reason Apologetics is impossible. Faith and reasonShow MoreRelatedThe Doctrine Of Salvation And Grace1327 Words   |  6 Pagesreferring to the temporal or logical order of the various components (elements) of salvation given to every believer, from the time the believer is called to his/her glorification. The meaning of glorification is â€Å"the future and final work of God upon Christians, where He transforms the mortal physical body, to the eternal physical body, which we will dwell for eternity (1 Cor. 15:42-44). (What is Glorification, carm.org/glorification) The process of salvation begins with faith in God with the new birthRead MoreThe Resurrection Of Jesus : Focal Point Of Christianity1301 Words   |  6 PagesNew Testament Accounts †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..8 A. Jesus Died by Crucifixion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦........................8 B. The Disciples of Christ were Convinced that He Resurrected †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...10 C. Paul, the Persecutor of Christians, was Miraculously Transformed†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...12 D. James, the Half Brother of Jesus, was Abruptly Transformed †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.14 IV. Skepticism of HistoryRead MoreUnderstanding The Face Of Christianity1746 Words   |  7 Pagesexsistance. This was an spontaneous effect of an impersonal being and structure in which their was no supreme being or diety involved in the creation. However Christians accept as true one Deity whos act of love, created the universe and all things therein. Since it was fashioned in love, everything in creation is virtuous and special to God. Christians accentuate God s paternal affection in specific, schooling that God formed individuals to be God s offspring. God desires to share a affectionate closeRead MoreOn Being an Atheist1378 Words   |  6 PagesStephen and R. Zachary Manis(2009). Philosophy of Religion, Second Edition. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press. Kreeft, Peter and Ronald K. Tacelli(1994). Handbook of Christian Apologetics. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press. Kreeft, Peter(1988). Fundamentals of the Faith; Essays in Christian Apologetics. San Francisco, CA: Ignatius Press. The Life Application Study Bible(1991). New International Version. Wheaton, IL: Tyndale House Publishers. McCloskey,Read MoreAnalysis Of The Book God On The Dock 1184 Words   |  5 PagesModern Interpretation The similarities between religions continue to spark the interest of scholars today, especially those in the Christian community. C.S. Lewis, in the book God In The Dock, recognizes and fully accepts the similarities, but offers a new approach to the situation: The heart of Christianity is a myth which is also a fact. The old myth of the Dying God, without ceasing to be myth, comes down from the heaven of legend and imagination to the earth of history. It happens—at a particularRead MorePresuppositional Apologetics: The Moral Argument for the Existence of God2177 Words   |  9 PagesA Christian apologetic method is a verbal defense of the biblical worldview. A proof is giving a reason for why we believe. This paper will address the philosophical question of God’s existence from the moral argument. The presuppositional apologetic method of Reformed thinkers Cornelius Van Til and John Frame will be the framework. Topics covered here could undoubtedly be developed in more depth, but that would be getting ahead, here is the big picture. Apologetics comes from theRead MoreIf Jesus Christ Is Not God, And The Resurrection Never1355 Words   |  6 PagesIf Jesus Christ is not God, and the resurrection never happened, then the Christian Faith being lived out by billions of Christians scattered throughout the entire world, is complete vanity. Thus, one of the most popular arguments against the Deity of Christ stems from the idea that most of the biblical writers often referenced Jesus as both speaking to, and being sent (John 17:3) by the Father; furthermore, Jesus, while interacting with the apostles, often used language that expressed the ideaRead MoreThe Emerging Church - Truth or Dare Essay3027 Words   |  13 Pagespreoccupation with the â€Å"personal Savior† and the modernity of liberal Christianity.[5] The emerging church is therefore a protest movement agaist absolutism and traditionalism. I intend to show that the emerging church movement, although claiming to be Christians with a fresh, new enlighten ment and new ideas of â€Å"doing church† is an attempt to neutralize the foundational truths of historic Christianity into the â€Å"politically-correct† worldview of the 21st Century. The apostle Paul warned the Colossians, â€Å"SeeRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography On Family Therapy1629 Words   |  7 Pagesstrategies or techniques; and a Conclusion or observations presented in the work. Communication in cultural diversity is one very important issue that families, couples, singles, Christian counselors, and therapists might encounter in their scope of practice. The book entitled, â€Å"Christian Counseling Third Edition: A Comprehensive Guide† by Gary R. Collins, Ph.D. main focus or purpose is staying undated by every revenue in the broadest areas of family counseling, the hospital, ethicalRead More An Understanding of the Teaching Called the New Age. Essay1891 Words   |  8 Pages Religious Roots of The Secret is Monism and Pantheism. The Secret book becomes more interesting because supporters come from various fields of expertise and bring the impression as if it is supported by a variety of disciplines including Christian theology. There is a quantum physics expert, motivational speaker, spiritual leaders, and even some Bible quotations as Mat.21: 22 in The Secret book. But, more than just offer a successful way of life, the book also talks about Our Secret

Interventions to Decrease Youth Violence - 846 Words

Youth violence has been a wide spread problem for many years. There have been many studies done to help find ways of intervention to help decrease the rates of youth violence. Though, it may not seem like it, but right now youth violence is at its all-time low, â€Å"although overall rates of youth violence have declined since the mid-1990s, rates of some forms of youth aggression, violence, and crime remain high. National data reveal that, each year, about 15 percent of high school youth are involved in a physical fight at school and 8 percent are threatened or injured with a weapon. Another 5 percent of young people report being bullied by another student at school. Urban youth are at particular risk for violence exposure and victimization† (Aber, Pedersen, Brown, Jones, Greshoff). In 2010 there were a total of 1.2 million juvenile arrests in the United States (Alltucker). However, the statistics for youth violence is lower than it has been because there has been so much foc us on a vast majority of parent interest, law makers, and by people who are involved with research in preventing youth violence and aggressive behaviors. A prevention program called Resolving Conflict Creatively (RCCP) helps young children understand the meanings and outcome to their feelings. There are so many cases where children at a young age do not learn how to deal with the emotions they have inside in a means that is nonviolent. Aggression can develop in a child at a very young age, and instead ofShow MoreRelatedCommunity Counseling Resources Essay727 Words   |  3 Pages In this paper will analyze primary, secondary, and tertiary couple and family interventions provided by community resources. In this paper will provide a community resource that works with issues of domestic violence and the primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions that the resource provides. A further analysis will be provided on any gaps that may exist in the interventions and an explanation of how to address those gaps. . According to (Wolfe, 2011), prevention effortsRead MoreToronto Anti Violence Intervention Strategy896 Words   |  4 PagesToronto Anti-Violence Intervention Strategy (TAVIS) is a targeted approach to policing that incorporates increased surveillance along with increased patrols in lower income neighborhoods (Siciliano, 2010). This policy is the product of a constellation of factors that includes a key triggering shootout among two rival youth gangs on Boxing Day, 2005, which resulted in the death of innocent bystander Jane Creba. I. Identification of the problem The Toronto Anti-Violence Intervention Strategy (TAVIS)Read MoreOperation Ceasefire : A Problem Oriented Policing Intervention1701 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Operation Ceasefire is a problem-oriented policing intervention aimed at reducing youth homicide and youth firearms violence in Boston. Project design began in 1995 and it was implemented in 1996. It is based on the â€Å"pulling levers† deterrence strategy that focuses criminal justice attention on a small number of chronically offending gang-involved youth responsible for much of Boston’s youth homicide problem. This paper will explore the problem Operation Ceasefire is trying to solve andRead MoreHealth Outcomes1611 Words   |  7 Pagesthe changes in the health status of individuals or the population. The outcomes are attributed to multiple or planned interventions, whether or not the intention of the intervention was to alter the health status. These interventions include health services and programs including health promotion programs, government policies, laws and regulations, and consequent programs. Intervention may also include unintended or intended health outcomes of government policies in areas besides health. Health outcomesRead MoreThe Gang Resistance Education And Training ( Great ) Program1298 Words   |  6 Pagesexperiencing a substantial increase of gang membership along the youth living in impoverished communities. During the early 1990s, many viewed gang activity as a particular community’s problem, but as youth and gang violence was increasing drastically across the United States’ inner cities, the public’s perception about this social issue changed. Due to the rapid rise of gang violence and youth membership, delinquent behavior by youths began to receive a substantial amount of academic and media attentionRead MoreA National Evaluation Of The Youth Firearms Violence Initiative863 Words   |  4 Pagesthis period juvenile homicides committed with a handgun also increased. A national evaluation of the Youth Firearms Violence Initiative (YFVI), a program initiated by the Office of Community Oriented P olicing Services (COPS), the organization who funds intervention programs. This particular program employed community policy approaches to decrease the number of violent fireman crimes committed by youth, including gang-and drug-related offenses. There are five intensive sites (Baltimore, Cleveland, InglewoodRead MoreThe Mission Of The Sdwcc Task Force Essay1426 Words   |  6 Pageseradicate crime and violence caused by the West Coast Crips gang by creating a renewed community confidence and enhanced quality of life through a three pronged prevention, intervention, and suppression strategy. We will educate community members on the negative impacts of gang participation and attractive alternatives for families, and in particular the youth, in a robust prevention effort. We will utilize law enforcement and other emerging resources, to engineer intervention solutions for thoseRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On Public Health Policy Essay1747 Words   |  7 PagesViolence compromise s physical health and threatens the safety of our communities (Public health policy paper). In our nation violence continues to cause premature death, disability and injury yet there are insufficient efforts to prevent it (Public health policy paper). Currently, our interventions to prevent violence occur after a violent crime has occurred. The focus is to incarcerate individuals who have committed a violent crime (public health policy paper). We are failing to fix the infrastructureRead MoreThe Issue Of Crimes Committed By Gang Affiliates Is A Topic1686 Words   |  7 Pagesevidence and information as possible. Gang violence amongst youth has been an ongoing problem in the city of Santa Ana, CA. Every week there is at least one gang related shooting involving youth leaving them injured, in unstable condition, or dead. Every day youth are constantly getting involved in gangs for various reasons, which has affected their lives short-term and long-term due to the high demands and con sequences of the gang affiliation. The youth perceive being in gangs as a rite of passageRead MoreYouth At Risk And Need1060 Words   |  5 PagesYouth At Risk and Need Youth have been described as being within the development process. That is, youth are biologically and psychologically progressing towards becoming adults. The implementation of risk/need assessments is useful for both adults and youth in relation to justice. However, youth lack autonomy and this results in their increased vulnerability. Subsequently, youth embody a particular combination of risk and need that is different than that of adults. The criminal justice experience

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk The First President of Turkey Free Essays

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (indeterminate, 1881–10 November 1938) was a Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, and founder of the Republic of Turkey as well as its first President. Ataturk became known as an extremely capable military officer by being the only undefeated Ottoman commander during World War I. [1] Following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire, he led the Turkish national movement in the Turkish War of Independence. We will write a custom essay sample on Mustafa Kemal Ataturk: The First President of Turkey or any similar topic only for you Order Now Having established a provisional government in Ankara, he defeated the forces sent by the Allies. His successful military campaigns led to the liberation of the country and to the establishment of Turkey. During his presidency, Ataturk embarked upon a program of political, economic, and cultural reforms. An admirer of the Age of Enlightenment, he sought to transform the former Ottoman Empire into a modern, democratic, and secular nation-state. The principles of Ataturk’s reforms, upon which modern Turkey was established, are referred to as Kemalism. Early life Main article: Mustafa Kemal Ataturk’s personal life Born as Mustafa, his second name Kemal (meaning Perfection or Maturity) was given to him by his mathematics teacher in recognition of his academic excellence. [2] He was born to a turkish family living in Thessaloniki. Mustafa’s mother was Zubeyde Hanim (1857-1923), a devout Muslim and â€Å"as fair as any Slav from beyond the Bulgarian frontier† with â€Å"fine white† skin and â€Å"eyes of a deep but clear light blue†. [3] In his early years, his mother encouraged Mustafa to attend a religious school, something he did reluctantly and only briefly. Later, he attended Semsi Efendi school (a private school with a more secular curriculum) at the direction of his father. His parents wanted him to have education in a trade, but without consulting them, Ataturk took an entrance exam for a military junior high school in Thessaloniki (in Turkish, Selanik, which was an Ottoman city at that time) in 1893. In 1896, he enrolled into a military high school in the Ottoman city of Manast? r (modern Bitola, Macedonia). In 1899, he enrolled at the War College in Istanbul and graduated in 1902. He later graduated from the War Academy on 11 January 1905. How to cite Mustafa Kemal Ataturk: The First President of Turkey, Papers

Techniques of Cost Accounting free essay sample

Cost accounting information is commonly used in financial accounting  information, but first we are oncentrating in its use by managers to take decisions. The accountants who handle the cost accounting information generate add value by providing good information to managers who are taking decisions. Among the better decisions, the better performance of your  organization, regardless if it is a manufacturing company, a  bank, a  non-profit organization, a  government  agency, a school club or even a  business school. The cost-accounting system is the result of decisions made by managers of an organization and the environment in which they make them.The organizations and managers are most of the times interested in and worried for the  costs. The control of the costs of the past, present and future is part of the job of all the managers in a company. In the companies that try to have  profits, the control of costs affects directly to them. We will write a custom essay sample on Techniques of Cost Accounting or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Knowing the costs of the products is essential for  decision-making  regarding  price  and mix assignation of products and services. The cost accounting systems can be important sources of information for the managers of a company.For this reason, the managers understand the forces and weaknesses of the cost accounting systems, and participate in the evaluation and evolution of the cost measurement and administration systems. Unlike the accounting systems that help in the preparation of  financial reports  periodically, the cost accounting systems and reports are not subject to rules and standards like the  Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. As a result, there is a wide variety in the cost accounting systems of the different companies and sometimes even in different parts of the same company or organization .